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英语作为一门专门用途英语,有其特殊的文体特征。/英语毕业论文本文将从具体实例略论着手,研讨商务英语的专业性、庄重性、明确性、简洁性、对称性等特征,同时,通过汉英对比与翻译,探讨语言形式的变化与商务信息有效传输的联系等问题。 一、专业性商务英语的词汇具有比较明显的专业特征。商务英语语境决定或制约着部分词汇具有其特殊的商务语义,对此,译者应充分认识到商务词汇对语境的依赖性,不要将其混同于一般词汇。例如,普通英语中 balance , liability , quote , draft的通常含义分别为“平衡”、“责任”、“引用”、“草稿”,但在商务语境中,它们却有着特殊的含义。例如:We strongly demand immediate payment infull or partial payment with a statement of whenyou will pay the balance .我们强烈要求你们马上全部付款或者部分付款,但要说明何时将余款付清。Heavy liabilities forced the firm intobankruptcy.此企业债台高筑,不得不破产了。Theirprices are always quoted in dollars .他们(的价格)总是以美元报价。At the same time , other American merchantssell goods to persons in Great Britain and receivedrafts payable in pounds that they desire to convertinto dollars .同时,其他美国商人向英国人出售商品,得到了以英镑支付的汇票,而这些汇票他们希望兑换成美元。 二、庄重性商务英语用以传递重要的商务信息,要求其具有正式、严密、严肃、庄重的文体特征,这一点从成语介词、复合联系副词和被动语态的使用即可见一斑。 (一)成语介词的运用与翻译在商务英语中,成语介词的频繁使用使商务文体具有正规严肃、庄重严谨的优点,但成语介词较之简单介词而言略显繁复,其使用增强了句子的长度,加之商务专业词语的使用,会增加阅读的相对难度,因此,译者应充分了解这一特点,在阅读中注重正确划分句子意群,透彻理解原文句子的含义,准确无误地进行翻译。例如:Formerly, when many countries were on thegold standard and permitted the free flow of goldout of the country , the value of their currencies interms of other currencies could fluctuate withinonly a very narrow range .原先,当许多国家采用金本位制,允许黄金自由流出本国时,他们的货币与别国货币兑换的价值浮动的幅度很小。 The international marketer must provideconsiderable training to the local sales force , in regard to both the product line and negotiationtechniques suitable to the company' s image andfinancial requirements .国际营销者必须培训当地的销售人员,以使产品线和谈判技巧与企业的形象和财务要求保持一致。In exchange for a year' s free access to an on-line music site , customers may allow the musicsite to log their listening habits .消费者可能允许音乐网站记录他们的视听习惯,以换取免费登录音乐网站一年的好处。Foreign exchange is a commodity, and itsprice fluctuates in accordance with supply anddemand; exchange rates are published daily in theprincipal newspapers of the world .外汇是一种商品,它的价格根据(/随着)供求联系而浮动,汇率每天都登载在世界主要报纸上。以上各句中划底线的成语介词in terms of , inregard to , in exchange for和in accordance with在各自的上下文中分别可用简单介词against ,concerning (/considering ),for和with来代替,替代后句子语义丝毫不受作用,但文体意义有所不同,使用成语介词的句子更正规庄重,语句更均衡匀称,音韵节奏感也比较强。 (二)复合联系副词的运用与翻译副词here, there和where分别可和其它介词构成的复合联系副词如therefrom , thereon ,hereof , hereunder等,其中,there相当于that或指句前面已出现过的某个名词或名词词组, here相当于this,指本文件或有关文件,例如, hereinabove即above in this (document ); where相当于which,因此, wherefor即for which。复合联系副词的使用从一个方面体现了商务英语的语言文体特点,其构成和使用灵活机动,简炼浓缩,语义丰富,表达精确,特别在商务合同、企业法、票据法、知识产权法或产品责任法等法学文件中,这种复合词的应用更能点缀此种商务英语的正式、庄重严肃的文体特征。例如:Based on the definition of marketing adoptedby the AMA, international marketing is beingdefined herein as the coordinated performance ofmarketing activities to create exchanges acrosscountries that satisfy individual, organizational ,and social objectives . 基于美国销售协会对市场营销的定义,国际市场营销在此可以被定义为市场营销行为的协调活动,这种活动以满足个人、组织及社会目标而创造国家间交易。Copyright shall include the right ofauthorizing others to exploit one' s work by theabove mentioned means and of receivingremuneration therefrom .作品权包括许可他人以上述方式使用著作,并由此获得报酬。Please find the cheque enclosed herewith .请查收随函附上的支票。We hereby declare that this invoice amountingto USD 4500 is in all respects correct .我们兹声明,本发票金额4500美元是完全正确的。The regulations hereunder are formulatedwith a view of facilitating the development ofinternational economic and trade contact and thecontrol of the resident offices in China of foreigncompanies , enterprises and other economicorganizations .为了有利于发展国际经济贸易往来,管理外国企业、公司和其他经济组织常驻中国的代表机构,特制定以，英语论文题目，英语毕业论文 |
