‘ㅿ’ as a disappeared character has attracted many scholars. Educational circles has studied ‘ㅿ’ for more than 100 years, yet the research achievements now still can not help us completely understand it. Reflected in the following points: 1. Contradictory views still exist. Take the origin of ‘ㅿ’ as an example, some of the researchers argue that ‘ㅿ’ has already existed while some researchers think that ‘ㅿ’ was developed by the sound change of ‘ㅅ’. 2. Textual research to the phonology is not enough. Most of the preceding researches explained ‘ㅿ’ as an independent phoneme, but didn’t make detailed explanation of the reasons. 3. Much depend on the preceding research. Take the phonetic value of ‘ㅿ’ as example, the majority of scholars reconstructed the phonetic value of ‘ㅿ’ as [z] after referring to the phonetic value of Middle Chinese rimu(日母) reconstructed by B. Karlgren. In this situation, we should research the phonetic value of ‘ㅿ’ again. It is not advisable to depend on the preceding research all the time. 4. Lack of understanding to ‘ㅿ’. Take the change of ‘ㅿ’ as an example, the present research only found some changing rules of ‘ㅿ’ by literature records. However, the changing reason, directions and type of ‘ㅿ’ did not have a detailed explanation. Take the disappearance of ‘ㅿ’ as another example, the present research only makes an explanation to the period of disappearance by literature records. The reason of why it disappear do not have a reasonable explanation. Based on the above problems, this makes a research to ‘ㅿ’. Chapter 2 sorts out to the preceding researches of ‘ㅿ’ based on the origin, the phonology position, the change and disappearance of ‘ㅿ’. Meanwhile, this chapter also points out the problems of the existing research. Chapter 3 makes a research on the origin of ‘ㅿ’ through the way of literature materials and dialects. Firstly, the author identified the trace of ‘ㅿ’ through the way of literature material. We found ‘ㅿ’ in the ancient Sino-Korean characters, but can not find the trace of it in the ancient Korean. Then the author researches the ‘ㅿ’ by the dialect material. In modern dialect, the ‘ㅿ’ in Sino-Korean mainly shows as ‘Ø’ while in ancient Korean it mainly performs as ‘ㅅ’ and ‘Ø’. The literature material and dialect material all show that the origin of ‘ㅿ’ is different between Sino-Korean and Korean. The ‘ㅿ’ in Sino-Korean is closely related to rimu(日母) in Chinese. Therefore, we think it originated from rimu(日母) of Chinese. Although we can not find ‘ㅿ’ in ancient Korean, we can find its corresponding form of ‘ㅅ’. In modern dialect, the ‘ㅅ’ form of ‘ㅿ’ can be explained as the existing form while the form of ‘Ø’ can be explained as the change from ‘ㅅ’ to ‘Ø’. Therefore, the ‘ㅿ’ in Korean is the sound change of ‘ㅅ’. To be specific, ‘ㅿ’ is one of steps from the change of ‘ㅅ’ to ‘Ø’. Chapter 4 researches the position of phonology through the way of literature material, voiced fricative series and linguistic typology. Firstly, the author makes an analysis on the ‘ㅿ’ in Sino-Korean and Korean respectively according to etymology. From 15th century, ‘ㅿ’ in sino-Korean had become appoximant and neutral vowel with ‘ㅿ’ in Sino-Korean had the sound of glide [j] or vowel of [i]. Therefore, ‘ㅿ’ could not be pronounced in Sino-Korean. So the words like ‘(人):신(信)’ can not be considered as the minimal pair and ‘ㅿ’ can not be considered as phoneme. The ‘ㅿ’ in Korean was formed from the change ‘ㅅ’ to ‘ㅿ’ by voluntary phonological rules, so ‘ㅿ’ and ‘ㅅ’ did not have opposite relationship in semantic identification. Therefore, ‘ㅿ’ can not be explained as phoneme. And then the author makes a research on ‘ㅸ’ and ‘ㅇ’. After investigation, it is not appropriate to consider ‘ㅸ’ and ‘ㅇ’ as phoneme. Thus, there was no voiced fricative in the late middle ages Korean. It is not reasonable that ‘ㅿ’ was explained as phoneme under the premise that voiced frictional sound did not exist. Finally, the author makes a research to the phoneme /z/ from the aspect of phonetic typology. Chapter 5 makes a research on the phonetic value of ‘ㅿ’ from the aspects of relevant sound change of ‘ㅿ’, the record of ‘ㅿ’ in literature materials and the voiced fricative. First of all, ‘ㅿ’ is divided into four categories on the basis of the position in the syllable and the phonetic value of ‘ㅿ’ is also investigated by relevant sound change. ‘ㅿ’ appears in the initial sound of syllable in most Sino-Korean. This makes an analysis of ‘ㅿ’ in this position through the way of sound change of rimu(日母). The changing process of rimu(日母) in Sino-Korean is similar to the change of Jiao-Liao Mandarin(膠遼官話) and Cantonese. In addition, we can find some mixtures of use between ‘ㅿ’ and ‘ㅇ’ in the literature material in late middle aged Korean. Thus, we construct the phonetic value of ‘ㅿ’ as approximant. We found some cases that the final consonant ‘ㅅ’ changes to ‘ㅿ’ in 15th century literature. By these cases we can have a research on the final consonant ‘ㅿ’. Through the research we found the change from ‘ㅅ’ to ‘ㅿ’ is a change from a fricative to an approximant. So we restrict ‘ㅿ’ to an approximant. The author investigated the ‘ㅿ’ in final consonants at word-medial position by ‘voiced sound-ㅸ’ sequences. The ‘ㅂ’ followed vowels, glide, liquids, and ‘ㅿ’ can be reduced to ‘ㅸ’, but the nasal sound can not reduce the following ‘ㅂ’ to ‘ㅸ’. Therefore, ‘ㅿ’ can not be constructed to voiced fricative. It should be constructed as approximant which sonority is higher than nasals. In modern dialect, there are examples of ‘ㅿ’ changing into ‘ㅈ’. The preceding researches explained it by the change of ‘ㅿ’ to ‘ㅈ’. The change from ‘ㅿ’ to ‘ㅈ’ only appears in the places of initial sound, so it can be used to discuss the phonetic value of ‘ㅿ’ in initial consonants at word-medial position. This divided the change of ‘ㅿ’ to ‘ㅈ’ into the change of ‘ㅿ’ to ‘ㅈ’ and ‘ㅅ’ to ‘ㅈ’ according to etymology and made a research to them respectively. The change from ‘ㅿ’ to ‘ㅈ’ had disappeared in late middle Sino-Korean and some examples of mixing use of ‘ㅿ’ and ‘ㅇ’ could be found in the same period of literature materials. Therefore, ‘ㅿ’ can not be constructed to voiced fricative, but should be constructed to approximant. Finally, the phonetic value of ‘ㅿ’ was constructed by analyzing the change of ‘ㅅ’ to ‘ㅈ’ in Korean. Investigation found that ‘ㅿ’ was different in joseonguanyeokeo(朝鮮館譯語) and in Korean literature. And also the ‘ㅿ’ and ‘ㅈ’ did not use mixly in late middle Korean literature materials. Therefore, it is not inconsistent with the facts that ‘ㅿ’ is constructed as approximant. The author constructed the phonetic value of ‘ㅿ’ through the way of hunminjeoneon(訓民正音), foreign language tag literature and the modern literature in the second part of chapter 5. This makes an investigation on the semi-dental sound from the aspects of the meaning of ‘semi’, the relationship between variants and stroke adding, priorities opposition of final consonant and the system of final consonant. We construct ‘ㅿ’ as approximant with [/sonorant]. The foreign language tag literature was analyzed. The author found that the phonetic value of Korean letters in the foreign language tag literature is different from that of the letters in Korean at that time. Therefore, the foreign language tag literature can not be used to reconstruct the Korean phonetic value in that time. Finally, the author made an investigation on the modern literature and found that ‘ㅿ’ was lenis consonant, so we conclude that ‘ㅿ’ is an approximant. The third part of chapter 5 makes an investigation on the phonetic value of ‘ㅸ’ and ‘ㅇ’ in the series of voiced fricative. We construct ‘ㅸ’ as bilabial approximant and ‘ㅇ’ as [ɦ] with glide nature. Therefore, the phonetic value of ‘ㅿ’ that is similar to ‘ㅸ’ and ‘ㅇ’ is very possibly to be an approximant. Chapter 6 explains the disappearing time and reasons of ‘ㅿ’. The records in the joseonguanyeokeo(朝鮮館譯語) shows that ‘ㅿ’ had began to disappear in the early 15th century. The unearthed eongan(언간) recently shows that ‘ㅿ’ in the dialect of Chungcheongdo(충청도 방언) had already disappeared in the late 15th century. According to the wave theory, it can be concluded that ‘ㅿ’ had disappeared in the dialect of seoul-kyeonggi(서울-경기 방언) in the late 15th century. This makes an explanation to the disappearing reasons of ‘ㅿ’ from the viewpoint of phonology and phonetics. Although ‘ㅿ’ had no function of phoneme in the middle ages Korean, it was an identified sound. The ‘ㅿ’ with this feature was not stable to a large extent and was easily to disappear. ‘ㅿ’ was an approximant which had almost the same loudness with vowel. So the boundary between ‘ㅿ’ and the vowel after word became very vague. This was another reason why it disappeared. To summary, ‘ㅿ’ as a changing form from ‘ㅅ’ to ‘Ø’ in Korean had no function of phoneme and disappeared after its phonetic value becoming approximant in the late middle ages. ‘ㅿ’ in the Sino-Korean was the adopting result of rimu(日母). Before the time of middle ages it existed as a phoneme and disappeared after its phonetic value became approximant in middle ages. ，免费韩语论文，韩语毕业论文 |
