| 法国作为一个具有历久中心集权传统的单一制国度，其行政体系体例在东方国度中独具特点。几百年来，法国的处所行政轨制固然也或多或少做过一些变更，但直到1982年之前，处所行政和处所与中心行政关系的焦点线索与重要尺度一向是高度中心集权轨制。1982年，法国在社会党下台后履行了年夜刀阔斧的处所分权改造，对高度集中的行政体系体例停止了深入的构造性调剂。本文以为，社会党履行处所分权的直接目标起首在于经由过程行政上的分权来包管政治上的同一。在更深的层面上，分权的缘由不只具有对实际身分的斟酌，也是与社会党所奉行的“法国式社会主义”理念分不开的。在社会党那边，处所分权曾经不只是一种行政治理的办法，它照样完成与本钱主义破裂的一种政治手腕。而处所分权政策之所以可以或许在法国社会取得普遍认同并获得延续，法语论文范文，是由于自法国年夜反动以来，经由托克维尔等浩瀚学者的商量与宣扬，处所分权在自在主义传统深挚的法国曾经成了政治自在的代名词，成了法国任何党派与团体都不敢地下违反的标语。然则，必需看到，法语论文范文，社会党所宣传的分权改造依然没有超出改进的框架，也没有从基本上触及本钱主义一切制。从实质上说，法国式社会主义依然属于保守平易近主社会主义的领域。是以，象社会党的国有化政策一样，处所政权也弗成能真正转变法国的国度性质，更弗成能树立“新的国民轨制”。 Abstract: France as a with long-term centralized traditional unitary country, the administrative system in the western countries unique characteristics. For hundreds of years, France's local administrative system although also more or less done some changes, but until 1982 before, local administrative and local and central administrative relations focus clue and major scale is always highly centralized system. In 1982, France in the socialist party to step down after fulfilled knife of the eve of the broad axe place decentralization reform, in-depth structural adjustment to the highly centralized administrative systems. In the author's opinion, the socialist party to perform local decentralization directly target the chapeau is through the process of administrative decentralization to ensure political same. On a deeper level, decentralization of reason not only has the consideration of actual identity, and pursued by the socialist concept of "French socialism" inseparable. On the side of the socialist party, local decentralization was not just a kind of administrative measures it still complete with capitalist rupture of a kind of politics. And local decentralization policy may be the reason why perhaps in French society has achieved widespread recognition and continuation is due to since the French Revolution, by Tocqueville, vast scholars to discuss and promote, place decentralization in the liberal tradition of courtly French have become political self in a pronoun, France any parties and groups are not underground in violation of the slogan. However, it must be noted that the decentralization reform of Socialist propaganda still did not go beyond improved framework, nor touch from the basic capitalist all of. In essence, French socialism still belongs to the field of socialist democratic socialism. Thus, like socialist nationalization policy, local government also Eph into can really change the French national nature, Eph into can establish a "new national rail system". 目录: 一 导论 4-5 二 地方分权的定义与基本概念 5-6 三 法国行政体制的历史沿革 6-11 一） 旧制度时期的行政体制 7-8 二） 大革命时期的行政体制 8-9 三） 拿破仑帝国时期至二战前 9-10 四） 二战后至1982年改革 10-11 五） 1982年至今 11 四 法国地方行政区划的演变 11-14 五 1982年地方分权法案的主要内容 14-17 六 地方分权的历史动因 17-23 七 地方分权的政治哲学基础 23-25 八 自由：共识的基点 25-29 九 结论：变革与妥协——远未完成的革命 29-36 参考文献 36-37 |
